The various types of cancer are universal chronic diseases that are nowadays one of the main causes of death. Several member states of the European Union have drawn up specific public policies regarding cancer, but these policies are not currently subject to transverse comparative studies. This is precisely the objective of the ONCONET SUDOE project: analysing and comparing in each territory of the south-west European network the public health policies as to prevention, diagnosis, therapeutic innovation, and the use of information and communication technologies in the administration of patients. This approach may give rise to the pooling of certain resources and the equalisation of professional practices.