In the cross-border area of Arribes and Alto Douro the NBS measures to improve the IV will be implemented in vineyards of the Bodegas Pascual Fernández in Fermoselle (Zamora) and the Duorum Winery in Foz Coa and the surrounding land. These areas face challenges such as: — Fragmentation of plots, rugged orography and high cultivation costs. — Soils with little organic matter and unequal fertility. — Lack of variety in crops and increasing water stress. — Hotter and drier summers. — Risk of erosion on slopes. — Water scarcity and competition for it. — Increased erosion due to extreme weather events. — Soils with little organic matter. — Risk of fire and depopulation/desertification. In both regions, the project seeks to address agricultural and environmental challenges while promoting biodiversity and cultural heritage conservation, contributing to resilience to climate change. In the area of Mariñas -Betanzos will work on plots of the Bodega Pagos de Brigante in the area of action the challenges have to do with: — Small farms and wineries, with business at the limit of profitability. — Numerous vineyards abandoned in recent decades. — Planting tree species (eucalyptus) on abandoned vineyard farms – Difficult supply of local grapes. — Recurring crop damage caused by wildlife by abandoning farms close to the vineyards. This pilot aims to capitalise on the learnings of pilot 1 developed in France to implement NBS that increase SSEEs. In all these areas, the project seeks to address agricultural and environmental challenges while promoting biodiversity and the conservation of natural and cultural heritage, contributing to resilience to climate change and curbing depopulation.
